Copy editing

Source: Cafe Press

Copy editing (also written as copy-editing or copy editing, and sometimes abbreviated to CE) is the work that an editor does to improve the formatting, style, and accuracy of the text. Unlike general editing, copy editing often does not involve changing the substance of the text. Copy refers to written or typewritten text for typesetting, printing, or publication. Copy editing is done before proofreading, which is the last step in the editorial cycle.

In the United States and Canada, an editor who does this work is called a copy editor, and an organization's highest-ranking copy editor, or the supervising editor of a group of copy editors, may be known as the copy chief, copy desk chief, or news editor. In book publishing in the United Kingdom and other parts of the world that follow UK nomenclature, the term copy editor is used, but in newspaper and magazine publishing, the term is sub-editor (or the un-hyphenated subeditor), commonly shortened to sub. The senior sub-editor on a title is frequently called the chief sub-editor. As the "sub" prefix suggests, copy editors typically have less authority than regular editors. The term copy editor may also be spelled as one word or in hyphenated form (copy edit and copy-edit). The hyphenated form is especially common in the UK; in the U.S. newspaper field, using the two-word form is more common.

(Source: Wikipedia)